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- Peder Kofoed was a captain, alderman (R?dmand) between 1620 and 1645, and then briefly mayor (Borgmester) of R?nne in 1645. From a document dated April 24, 1625 it can be seen that he did not use the chevron image of the R?nne Kofoed'er branch, but rather his own initials (P.K.) as his "bom?rke" (estate mark) - this can be seen in Bornholm's Lehns registry of 1624-25, archives Gehejmeark.
Sweden, along with their Dutch allies, began a war against Denmark in 1643. The Swedish Commander, Lennart Torstensson, crossed the Danish southern frontier in December of 1643 and quickly occupied Jylland peninsula, while Louis DeGeer's army, based in Stockholm, seized the province of Sk?ne. This two-pronged attack took the Danes by surprise, but the elderly King Christian IV managed to rise to the challenge. The 67 year old king was tireless in organizing his navy and in raising forces, and the next April the Danish fleet met and defeated the Dutch navy, which was preparing to carry Torstensson's troops from the peninsula to the islands of Fyn and Sj?lland. The defeated Dutch sailed back to Holland, but in June a Swedish fleet of forty ships appeared in the western Baltic. King Christian engaged the enemy in a ten-hour long battle in which he lost an eye and was wounded in thirteen places. The Swedish fleet was forced to flee to Kiel where it combined with the Dutch to attack the Danes near the island of Lolland. In this battle the Danish, who were outnumbered by two to one, lost fifteen of their seventeen ships by sinking or capture, and King Christian was forced to sue for peace.
The Baltic island of Bornholm found out to its detriment the extent of the Swedes rule over the Baltic Sea at that time. The Swedish troops landed on the 9th of June 1645 just to the south of the Bornholm township of Svaneke; the town suffered 4 hours of plundering after its surrender to the Swedish Commandant Wrangel. Mads Kofoed, and the other elderly men in command, were unable to properly lead the Bornholmer troops. He was blamed for the surrender of Hammershus to the Swedes on the 17th of June; and as a result Mads Kofoed had the misfortune of being partly responsible for the total collapse of Bornholm's defenses and the Swedish General Wrangel's conquering of the entire island, even though at first Wrangel had only threatened to burn down all of Nex? as a personal revenge against a couple of skipper's from Nex? who had stolen one of his ships!
In the resulting peace treaty negotiated in Br?msebro in August of 1645 obliged Denmark to surrender J?mtland and H?rjedal, Gotland and the island of ?sel. It was agreed that the captured island of Bornholm was to be returned to Danish rule. As a guarantee for the exemption of Swedish shipping from Danish shipping tolls, Sweden took possession of the province of Halland for a period of thirty years - however it was never returned.
The officers in the Bornholm militia who were judged to have betrayed their country were sentenced to death, but the king benevolently conveyed the sentence to one of exile. Peder Kofoed, and his brothers Mads and Jacob, were among those judged traitors and banished. After his death in 1646 his widow was given a royal pardon for her husband's crime, the letter is dated June 15, 1649.
Peder Kofoed fled Bornholm and obtained refuge in the Hanseatic Free City of L?beck (in Germany) - where he died in 1648. It is known that in the summer before his death his third eldest son, Jens Pedersen Kofoed, went to visit him in L?beck and found him a broken man. After his death his widow Elisabeth Madsdatter Ravn received a royal letter, dated June 5, 1649, in which she and her children were granted forgiveness for the crimes of Peder Kofoed. The widow is known to have lived an exemplary lifestyle after the banishment of her husband, even so the deeds of her husband and brothers-in-law were not soon forgotten on Bornholm.
Peder Kofoed had a home in R?nne, located on "Storegade" (literally Big Street, in other words: Main Street); the house later named "Amtsgaarden" (County's Yard). Peder Kofoed was a wealthy man, the owner of numerous farms: Sandeg?rd 25 Slg., and Fyneg?rd 13 Slg., both in Knudsker parish; Vintr?g?rd 9 Vdg., Bj?rneg?rd 10 Vdg., and Skadeg?rd 13 Vdg., all three in Nyker parish; Kyllingeg?rd 11 Vdg. in Bodilsker parish; Hesleg?rd 21 Vdg. in ?sterlars parish (which he inherited from his father); one of the farms in Sose: Lille Dalbyg?rd, 10 Vdg. in Vestermarie parish, purchased on July 4, 1632; a freehold-farm (frig?rd): B?seg?rd, 4 Vdg. in Nylars parish; and one tenant house (udhus) in Hasle township.
On October 16, 1638 an exchange of copyhold farms took place between Peder Kofoed and Christian Maccabaeus of Skovholm (who had just married Jacob Ki?ller's widow Maria von Rade). Peder Kofoed's farm Pritteg?rd, 2 Vdg. Ibsker (later named Saltholmsg?rd) became part of Skovholm's estate and Peder Kofoed got a farm in Nyker parish (possibly one of the above mentioned three farms?). Peder Kofoed had recently obtained Pritteg?rd on July 4, 1632 from Joachim Grabow, who had inherited the farm from his father, Hans Grabow; who had obtained it as part of his second wife Margrethe Pedersdatter estate, which she had inherited from her parents, namely Peder Hansen and Mette Hansdatter of Simleg?rd in Klemensker.
Excerpt from list of owners of Fyneg?rd: "It is known that the 13 Slg. in Knudsker parish was owned in the 1600s by the mayor in R?nne, Peder Kofoed, father to Bornholm's liberator Captain Jens Pedersen Kofoed. The manager of the farm was a Niels Pedersen. After Peder Kofoed's death in L?beck on "Juleaften" (Christmas Eve, December 24th) 1648, his property went to his widow Elisabeth, Mayor Mads Ravn's daughter. She sold the 13 Slg. in 1670 to Peder Fyen, legal attorney on Bornholm; after him the farm was known as Fynegaard."
In 1652 Elisabeth Madsdatter Ravn purchased the farm "Juelsgaard" (aka Juleg?rd, 14 Vdg.) in ?ker parish and lived there with her children for a few years before moving back to R?nne circa 1655. In 1652 she also purchased Sandeg?rd, 1 Vdg. Knudsker. Elisabeth had to struggle to hang onto her family's land; but with the help of her son, Jens Pedersen Kofoed, a court case was fought, and the judgement found in her favour. The following epitaph for Peder Kofoed tells us that he and Elisabeth Madsdatter Ravn had 15 children: 9 sons and 6 daughters. Juleg?rd, 14 Vdg. ?ker, is in an area known as Strandby; which is a region along ?ker parish's beach-front, which was densely populated - hense the name: strand=beach, by=town.
Of their 15 children, eight have been positively identified by name. Speculation surrounds the identities of the remaining three sons and four daughters. A number of which probably died in childhood.
From Bornholm's Jordebog of 1651:
Knuds Kiercke Sougn, Jordeigne eller Schatte B?nder, Nr. 13: Niels Pederss?nn, Gaarden tilh?rer Lisebeth Peder Koufoedz udi R?nne.
Knuds Kiercke Sougn, Jordeigne eller Schatte B?nder, Nr. 17: Smiddiegaarden, ehr ?de, bruges Aff Jens Anschariss?n udi R?dne.
Knuds Kiercke Sougn, Jordeigne eller Schatte B?nder: Noch et ?de Waarn?de boe, Som tilh?rer Lissebeth Peder Koufoedz i R?dne.
In Bornholm's Jordebog of 1658, compiled during the Swedish occupation of the island, can be found the following entries:
Lisabeth Pedder Koofoods i R?nne: 7 G?rder, 1 Uthbygge. (Pedder Koofood's widow Lisabeth in R?nne: 7 Farms, 1 Tenant-farmhouse.)
?ster H?radt, ?ster Laurskier Sochn, Fr?lse Hemman: Morten Christophersen (Frimman Peder Koofodt).
V?ster H?radh, Ny Laurskier Sochn, Fr?lsehemman: Ole Andersen (Per Koofots). . . 3 Daler, 16 ?re, 16 Penningar.
V?ster H?radh, Ny Laurskier Sochn, S?the og Fryg?rden: Peder Koofots: B?sg?rden. . . 3 Daler, 30 ?re, 4 Penningar.
V?ster H?radh, Knutschier Sochn, Skattehemman, Nr. 17: Jens Andersen R?ne. . . 20 Daler, 13, ?re, 16 Penningar.
V?ster H?radh, Knutschier Sochn, Fr?lssehemman: Lisebet Per Koofots. . . 3 Daler, 21 ?re, 12 Penningar.
V?ster H?radh, Nykier Sochn, Fr?lssehemman: Ole Vinter (Frimman Peder Koofots efterlefverske). . . 3 Daler, 21 ?re, 12 Penningar.
V?ster H?radh, Nykier Sochn, Fr?lssehemman: Sofren Mand (ut supra: Koofots efterleverkse). . . 3 Daler, 12 ?re, 20 Penningar.
V?ster H?radh, Nykier Sochn, Fr?lssehemman: Christopher Mortensen (ut supra). . . 6 Daler, 20 ?re, 20 Penningar.
The above tells us that in 1658 Peder Kofoed's widow, Elisabeth Madsdatter Ravn, owned 7 farms and 1 tenant farmhouse. The farms are identifiable as: 1) Hesleg?rd 21 Vdg. ?sterlars; 2) ?g?rd, 2 Vdg. Nylars; 3) B?seg?rd, 4 Vdg. Nylars; 4) Sandeg?rd, 1 Vdg. Knudsker; 5) Vintr?g?rd, 9 Vdg. Nyker; 6) Bj?rneg?rd, 10 Vdg. Nyker; 7) Skadeg?rd, 13 Vdg. Nyker; the farmhouse is possible the one that her husband owned in Hasle.
From Bornholm's Jordebog of 1662:
?ster Herridt, Laurschier Sogn, Vaarneder: Morten Christoffersen i Peder Koefods bunde. (21 Vdg.)
Vester Herridt, Vestermarck Sogn, Vaarneder: Mougns Pedersen - Peder Koefoeds bunde. (10 Vdg.)
Vester Herridt, Knudschier Sogn, Bunde, Nr. 17: Jens Andskersen i R?nne.
Vester Herridt, Knudschier Sogn, Vaarneder: Lisebeth Peder Koefoeds. (1 Vdg.)
Vester Herridt, Nykier Sogen, Vaarneder: S?fren Mand - Peder Koefoeds bunde. (13 Vdg.)
Vester Herridt, Nykier Sogen, Vaarneder: Hans Bi?rnsen - Peder Koefoeds bunde. (9 Vdg.)
The 1662 land-book identifies 5 farms owned by Peder Kofoed's widow Elisabeth: 1) Hesleg?rd 21 Vdg. ?sterlars; 2) Lille Dalbyg?rd, 10 Vdg. Vestermarie; 3) Sandeg?rd, 1 Vdg. Knudsker; 4) Vintr?g?rd, 9 Vdg. Nyker; 5) Skadeg?rd, 13 Vdg. Nyker.
Laurids de Thurah's "Omst?ndelig og tilforladelig Beskrivelse over Bornholm og Christians?e", from 1756, states in his description of R?nne Church, page 133, that there were two separate large and beautifully made epitaphs in R?nne Church, over the top of which were the arms of Peder Kofoed and Elisabeth Madsdatter Ravn.
(The first epitaph states, in the original old Danish:)
"Alleene Gud til ?re, og Kirken til Ziirlighed, er dette Epitaphium bekostet og opsat af ?rlige, H?yagtbare, Velviise og Velforneme Mand, Peder Kofod, fordum Borgemester i R?nne, tillige med sin Elskelige Hustrue, Erlige og Gudfrygtige Matrone, Elisabeth Mads Ravnsdaatter, hvilke begge kom udi ?gteskab den 17 Januar 1619, og bleve de af Herren i deres ?gteskab, som var 29 Aar, 11 Maaneder og 7 Dage, velsignet med femten B?rn, 9 S?nner og 6 D?ttre, indtil Gud den alm?gtigste den 24 Decembr. 1648, hannem ved D?den henkaldede, udi sin Alders 50 Aar, 6 Maaneder og 9 Dage."
(Translated to English:)
"Soley to Honour God, and similarly Ornament the Church, this Epitaph has been commissioned and mounted by the Honest, High-born, Wise and Distinguished Man, Peder Kofod, former Mayor of R?nne, together with his Loving Wife, the Honest and God-fearing Matron Elisabeth, Mads Ravn's daughter, who joined together in marriage the 17th of January 1619, and were with the Lord in their Marriage, which lasted 29 Years, 11 Months and 7 Days, blessed with 15 Children, 9 Sons and 6 Daughters, until God the all-mighty on the 24th of December 1648 called him home, his Age being 50 Years, 6 Months and 9 Days."
(The second dated 1685, in the original old Danish:)
"Gud til ?re, og Kirken til Ziirath, haver den ?rlige og Gudfrygtige Matrone Elisabeth, Sal. Borgemester Peder Kofods Efterladne, ladet dette Epitaphium staffere og bepryde, Sig, Sine, og Andre til got Exempel, Anno 1685."
(Translated to English:)
"To Honour God, and to Ornament the Church, the Honest and God-fearing Matron Elisabeth, the Deceased Mayor Peder Kofod's Bereaved widow, has raised this Epitaph to honour, Herself, Her family, and Others, and to be a good Example, in the Year 1685."
From the Vester Herred Tingbog 1669-1672:
January 18, 1672, page 193a: Borgmester Hans Koefoed i R?nne fulldmechtig paa sin s?ster Ellsebe sal. Jens Anskarsens vegne ved stoed et ki?be breff udgiffuen aff bemelte Ellsebe sal. Jens Anskarsen til Erlig og Vellfornehme mand Olluff Suendzen borger og handellsmand udi R?nne paa dend 17 gaard i tallet i Knudsker som kalldis Smedegaarden. . . aff forhen Borgmester og Madz Koefoed. . . .
From R?nne's Kirkeregnskaber, 1684-1747:
Page 12, May 1, 1685 - January 1, 1686: R?nne Kirches Regenschab Bereignet fra 1 May 1685 til aars dagen 1686. Kirche Vergen er Olluf Jensen. Graff Steds og Kloche Ringens Penge, for: Dend 21 Sept., Lisebeth s. Peder Koefoeds. . . 6 Sldr.
December 16, 1689: Liig Penge: . . . 16 dito (December) for Elsebeth s. Jens Anskers, er i Kirchen begrauen. . . 7 Dr.
Elisabeth Madsdatter Ravn's son J?rgen Pedersen Kofoed inherited her farm Juleg?rd, 14 Vdg. ?ker, from his mother in 1685, and sold the farm on July 30, 1686 to Hans Jensen and Sidsele Jensdatter Kofoed. Sidsele was his brother Jens Pedersen Kofoed's daughter. Sidsele's probate in 1711 states that at the time of the sale, J?rgen Kofoed was employed as a probate notary (skifteskriver) for Hads district in Aarhus diocese.
Extracted from the probate held for Sidsele Jensdatter Kofoed and Hans Jensen, February 3, 1711, page 112:
Anno 1711 dend 3 Febr. er efter loulig giorde tillysning holden registering og vurdering sampt skifte og liqvidation efter sal. Hans Jensen og hans sal. hustru Zidsele Jensdaatter som nogle dage for hannem ved d?den afgik og begge boede og d?de paa dend 14de Vornede kaldis Julegaarden i Aaker Sogn. . . der nest fremlagde arfuingerne ett ski?debref udgifued af Kongl. Majsts. Skifteskrifuer udi Aarhuus Stift ved den geistlige Skifter og Herrids og Skifteskrifuer i Hads Herridt Velfornehme mand J?rgen Koefoed lydende att hand hafuer soldt og ski?der den 14 Vornede gaard i Aakier Sogn kaldis Juhlsgaard til denne afd?de mand Hans Jens?n, hans hustru og arfuinger, med ald sin tilliggendis grund og ejendom og ald sin rette tilligelse stedsmaal, landgilde, egt og arbeide ligesom hand ded efter sin sal. moder Lisabeht Peder Koefoeds hafde arfued, huor hand for pliihter sig i samme ski?de att v?re derris hiemmel og mand, og er samme ski?de af dato R?nne dend 30te Jully 1686, og l?st inden Borringholms Landsting dend 15 December 1686 og Testificeret af Ancher M?ller og Morten Joens?n Klou og blef samme ski?de l?st og paa brefuen her paa skifted og Jens Hans?n igien lefuered. . . .
This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 21 July 2015.
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1598 - 1648 (50 år)
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