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- Hans Anchersen (also known by the latin influenced name: Johannes Ancharius) took matriculation in Rostock, he would later get his "magistergrad" in 1552. Was assistant pastor (h?lpepr?st) for Starup-Grarup parish from 1554, and would become pastor (sognepr?st) there from 1574 until his death. Starup is located just a few kilometers south-east of Haderslev, and Grarup is just a few kilometers further east of that.
On the history of the Duchies of Schleswig and Holstein, and their relationship to Denmark:
Until sometime under King Valdemar II (reigned 1202-41), the Kingdom of Denmark bordered onto the germanic states just south of the Slien (Schlei) inlet. Valdemar II awarded his second son the southern part of Jylland as a duchy - from the Slien in the south (in between the towns of Schleswig and Kiel) north up the Jylland peninsula to the river Konge-Aa, however the northern border of the duchy followed only the Konge-Aa until just east of Ribe, then it drops south, then west towards the coast. While Schleswig was given the status of a duchy, its Duke ultimately owed fealty to the Danish king.
The Duchy of Schleswig has traditionally reached from the rivers Eider and the Slien, in the south, to Konge-Aa, in the north. The Duchy of Holstein from the river Eider, in the north, to the river Elbe, in the south. Later, inheritance rights for Schleswig became a matter of contention. Gradually some areas were considered Royal domain of Denmark and some of Prussia, other parts were ruled by the Duke of Gottorp, and some parts were ruled in common. In the Duchy of Schleswig some cities had independent status (known as imperial free-cities), ruled directly by the Kingdom of Denmark. The Duchy of Holstein was split up in this manner as well: parts were considered royal domain of the Denmark; parts the domain of the Duke of Gottorp, some common areas, some ruled by the germans (Prussia). This situation was untenable to the rulers involved, and eventually led to fighting.
In 1658 the Duke of Gottorp-Holstein became sovereign over the "Duke's part" of the Duchies Schleswig and Holstein, however it never was a "territorial entity" and it was a constant reason for quarrels and wars. Very simplistically the Duchy of Schleswig became totally "royal" (Danish) in 1721, and the Duke of Gottorp was restricted to the Holstein areas.
In 1806, as a result of the "Napoleonic reorganisation", Schleswig and Holstein came under the control of the Danish king (with an independant administration). Denmark had sided with Napolean against England after refusing to hand over its naval fleet to England. In 1807 the Engish navy blockaded, and then bombarded K?benhavn, which destroyed the city and killed thousands of its citizens.
In 1815 the Congress of Vienna ruled the Duchy of Holstein ("south of the Eider") to be a part of the "German Bund" (i.e. all the Germanic states and Austria). In 1846 the Danish King ruled Schleswig to be part of his kingdom, and that the heritage rights of the Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg was restricted to Holstein.
By 1848 both Duchies had declared themselves independant, and on April 4, 1848, Schleswig was accepted into the German Bund. However on May 8, 1852, under the pressure of the "European powers", the London Treaty gave both duchies back to Denmark. Schleswig received a constitution on February 15, 1854, and Holstein on June 11, 1854.
The death of King Frederick VII, in 1863, ended the heritage rights of the Danish kings to the Duchies; and the Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg tried to gain power. The German Bund raised war against Denmark, which on October 30, 1864 was forced to hand the Duchies (less Lauenburg) over to the German Bund. From 1864-66 the Duchies were ruled by Austria-Prussia. After the Prussian/Austrian war in 1866 they were made a Prussian province.
In 1864 the border at Konge-Aa was established until 1920. After which a referendum was held, the people in the northern half of Schleswig voted to become part of Denmark; the people in the southern half to join Germany. Thus Schleswig remains split in half to this very day.
This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 21 July 2015.
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1527 - 1602 (~ 75 år)
