| Notater |
- Anders Nielsen used the additional name of V?boe; he originally lived at "S?nder Kirkeboe" (later called Maeg?rd) 8 Vdg. Rutsker from circa 1667 to circa 1671. Then briefly lived at Lille Dammeg?rd, 23 Slg. Klemensker circa 1671 to circa 1674. After which he moved to the 45 Slg. in Rutsker parish; that farm would later become known as V?bog?rd.
Bornholm's N?rre Herreds tingbog (North District land register) relates the following court investigation over an incident which began during the last days of August 1680, when a corpse was found buried 32 steps west of the northern farm building of "S?nder Kirkeboe" in Rutsker. Today the farm is called Maeg?rd. The deceased was obviously a craftsman who had been murdered. But who had been murdered and who had killed him?
The trial began on September 10, 1680, the prosecutor was County Notary and Bailiff August Dechner. Since it was an unsolved murder 15 jurors were selected. Their task was to investigate the circumstances surrounding the killing and issue a warrant. The trial began in earnest on December 3, 1680:
"Eftersom Anders Nielsen V?boe i Rutsker, er tiltalt for nogen tid siden, ved Kirkeboet sammesteds, som Berild Hansen nu paabor, er fundet nedgravet ved gaarden et d?dt menneskelegeme, hvorfor kgl. maj. Amtskriver og Ridefoged August Dechners fuldm?gtig Rasmus Lauridsen i sin husbonds lovlige absents, havde saggivet Anders Nielsen V?boe ham tilforn havde besiddet bemelte Kirkebo, at han skal v?re forn?vnte d?dfundne menneskes banemand, og derfor havde sat udi rette om Anders V?bo ikke jo b?r for saadan morderisk gerning at lide, eller v?gre sig med neffn sk?n efter loven, som bemeldte fuldm?gtig skriftlige indl?g for dette ting melder". (Given that Anders Nielsen V?boe in Rutsker, indicted a while, of the Church residence in the same place, where Berild Hansen now lives, there was found buried in the farm a dead human body, wherefore His Royal Majesty's County Notary and Bailiff August Dechner's proxy Rasmus Lauridsen in his master's absence, had brought charges against Anders Nielsen V?boe who had formerly possessed the above mentioned Church residence, that he must be the slayer of the aforesaid dead man, and therefore had set in the right that Anders V?bo should be suffered for such a murderous deed, or refuse court assessment under the law, by the aforesaid proxy's written report submitted to this court.)
Four men had been selected to examine and assessment the evidence, and they found that considering the condition of the man's leather boots the murdered man could have been in the ground 3-4 years. They testified that the corpse had been laid in a grave 32 steps, or a gunshot, to the west of residence, by a pond. He had been dropped on his back in a grave, which was a yard deep, and lay close to a cliff. They reported that the corpse's head and skull were injured and broken, while the skull was whole. They thought that he was beaten with a big stick. In the grave were thrown several handcrafted iron tools and other tools, indicated that the man could have been either a carpenter or a shoemaker, which were presented in court. The corpse was covered with three layers of stones from an old stone wall which had stood at a high cliff and carried to the grave. Anders V?boe and Hans Hansen had erected the fence, which had been destroyed during the last war and not been repaired. In between the stones, over the corpse, had been laid peat.
The 15 man jury confirmed the 4 investigator's assessment of the date of the murder, and found that it must have been when Anders V?boe lived on the farm. He had "n?st forgangne foraar" (second last Spring) moved from the farm and after he had lived there for a 13-year period. The 15 men believed that no stranger dared bury a dead body just 32 steps from Anders V?boe's farm. It would take so long that the farmer would have discovered it. They believed that Anders V?bo was either the deceased's slayer or even a stranger with Anders V?boe's knowledge buried the corpse. It is interesting that during the first court hearing was the parish's pastor Poul Ancher - one of the heroes of 1658 - was present. According to reports, Anders V?boe behaved oddly when he came and looked down on the slain man, then splitting open the corpse's forehead and alowing the brain mass to flow out. The righteous priest saw this as a sign that Anders V?boe was the "banemand" (bane of = slayer) of the victim. The story of the skull was later disproved, and the priest's reasoning dismissed.
The 15 jurors could not prove that Anders V?boe was the murderer, but they could not dismiss him. Anders V?boe was convicted on circumstantial evidence to lose his life and his estate. But if he could find 12 men, within six weeks, who were willing to make an oath as to his innocence, he could be dismissed.
The case could have ended here, but when Anders V?boe immediately appealed to the provincial Congress, August Dechner had to continue with the investigation. It is during these additional investigations that the whole murder case came into perspective. It turns out that the murdered man was a boatswain (a petty officer on a merchant ship or a warrant officer on a warship who is responsible for the maintenance of the ship and its equipment) and had come to the island on a ship led by General-Admiral Martenz Cornelis Tromp. Tromp was a Dutch admiral, but "loaned" to the Danish service, and in 1676 was the leader of the Danish-Dutch fleet that defeated the Swedish fleet at ?land. His arrival on Bornholm must be dated to directly after the naval battle of the 1st of June 1676. It was Anders V?boe and Laurs Hansen of Rutsker who had been given the task, by the reeve of Rutsker parish, of entertaining the boatswain.
After several interviews, it became clear that the deceased was named Niels, a medium heavy older fellow with brown curly hair. He was good at both carpentry and shoemaking. He was so skilled a craftsman that he was exempt from ordinary watchkeeping service. The sailors were billeted on farms around the island. Their ship was seemingly anchord nearf Nex?, because questioning those whom they had picked or delivered to Nex?. The deceased had a boatswain comrade named Christopher S?rensen, who was billeted with Claus Hansen of Riseg?rd in Klemensker. Christopher had told several people that his mate Niels was gone and he could not understand how. Boatswain Niels had apparently returned to Anders V?boe after a drinking spree in R?nne.
According to testimony given on March 4 & 11, 1681 by the servant girl during the evening she had heard that there come a scream and a commotion. When she tried see what had happened, she discovered that she was locked in her room. The next day she had discovered an ax by the kitchen door, which was bloody. Anders V?boe's wife, Bendte, had dried it of the blood. The maid could not find sailor anywhere on the farm.
The interrogation revealed that there was no one who knew where Niels had gone. He could have been on board in Nex?, but the person as Anders V?boe had transported to Nex? was a Dutchman named Giert. Anders V?boe described the chaotic conditions that existed during the war years with many sailors lodged among the farms. Anders V?bo denied all knowledge of the disappearance of boatswain Niels.
The Chief Justice upheld the jurors judgment. The case went to Bornholm's Supreme Court on May 18th, where Anders Nielsen V?boe brought forth the 12 men, who risked life and goods, to giving oath of his innocence, and was thereby acquitted on June 1, 1681. Anders Nielsen V?bo died at home some 14 years later, in 1694, leaving his wife Bendte and 7 children behind.
From the N?rre Herred Tingbog 1678-1684:
Kongens restancer Philip Jacobi Dag til Aaret efter 1678 for N?rre Herred, Rutsker Sogn, Vaarneder Nr. 8: Anders Nielsen.
N?rre Herreds restancer for Jacobi Dag 1678 at betale inden 15 dage, Rutsker Sogn, Vaarneder Nr. 8: Ander Nielsen Veboe - 2 Daler.
Restance d?kker perioden Jacobi Dag 1680 til Aarsdagen 1681, Rutsker Sogn, Nr. 45: Ander Nielsen V?boe - 0 Daler, 1 Mark, 0 Sk.
March 11, 1681, page 117a: Amtskriver August Dechner fortsatte med at f?re vidner mod Anders V?boe: Poul Andersen i Rutsker fortalte at han for nogen tid side havde m?dt Anders V?boes broderdatter paa vej til kirken. Hun havde tjent Anders V?boe. Hun fortalte at hun nu tjente Hans Mortensen i N?rre Kirkebogaard og aarsagen at hun ikke ville tjene Anders V?boe l?ngere var, at hun en nat havde h?rt skrig, men hun havde ikke kunne komme ud af sit rum, da d?ren var tilbunden. N?ste morgen havde hun fundet en stok?kse med blod. Anders V?boes hustru Bente havde t?rret blodet af. Paa foresp?rgsel om hvor blodet kom fra, havde hun blevet blevet bedt om at blande sig uden om. Anders V?boe havde intet at svare til denne historie.
From Bornholm's Landstingbog 1671-1683:
May 18, 1681, page 240a: Anders V?boe som 15 Neffninge og Hr. Landsdomers dom er d?mbt at verge sig for befundene mord med nafn i ki?n, frembstillede eftter skreffne Tholff M?nd til sin u-skyldighed med at beuise, naffelig formand Per Ibsen, boende paa Haldegaarden i Olskersogen, som er Anders V?boes hustrues fader broder, Jep Nielsen boende paa Jydegaarden i Clemidskersogen, som er s?sken barn med Anders V?boez hustrue, Hans Hansen boende paa Terkergaarden i Rydskersogen, som er u-villig Claus Clausen boende udi eet Gade Huus i Rydskesogen som er u-villig, Peder Bendzen boende paa Pellegaaarden i Rydsker som er u-villig, Jens Pedersen een ung u-boesat karl, som er formanden Peder Ibsen i Olskersogen hans s?n, Dauid Mortensen i Rydskersogen, som haffuer Anders Nielsen V?boes hustrues s?ster til egte, Waarnede Laurs Larsen i Rydskersogen u-villig, Jep Hansen boende i Ryskersogen i Kaasebye, u-villig, Hans Jensen boende paa Smedegaarden i Rydskersogen, som er Anders V?boes hustrues half broder, Waarnede Hans Pedersen i Rydskersogen hues quinde er s?dskendeb?rn til Anders V?boes hustrue, og Hans Mortensen i Ryskersogen som haffuer Anders V?boes hustrues halff s?ster til egte. Som samptlige her forretten fremblagde deris schrifttlig ?nd huilchen di udi allemaader her for retten vedstod, og bekreffede, mens videre ej torde eller vilde suerge sag s?ger en formeente denne ?nd ej lougen eller Vel Edle Hr. Landsdommers dom kunde fyldest gi?re. Huor paa begiertes louglig kiendelse, di 12 m?nd i vil her eftter endnu vedstod deris skriftt, og ellers ej villde eller kunde suerge hannem frj og sagl?s. Sags?ger esker endnu som tilforn domb.
June 1, 1681, pages 242a-242b: Domb. Saasom nu udi denne sag eftter forige udsteede Landztings dom, forretten er frembkommen, tolff m?nd, som nefn i ki?n, med Anders Nielsen W?boe, samptlig boende Herridz mend. Huilche ved derris ?eder haffuer sored og bekreffed, at efttersom di haffuer kient Anders Nielsen W?hboes udi langsommelig tid, og meste deellen fra barnsbeen, at hand haffuer schicket og forholdet sig Christelig og Velle. Da gaar samme 12 mend udi loug og suerger med ?ed og opragle fingre, med forhen Anders Nielsen W?boe, at di ej tiltroer, hannem at vere schyldig, i det d?ede mord, og manddrab, som hand er sichted og sag giffuet fore, eftter dommens indhold, som deris eendregtige giorde ?ed, videre udviser. Huilchet v?der parterne ej haffuer kundet imod sige. Andet endsom Amptskriffueren, Augustus Dechner, som sags?ger, formeente denne ?ed, ej lougen eller f?rrige Landztings Domb kund fyllest gi?re, og derpaa begierede kiendelse. Da thill endelig dom udi denne sag kiendes saaleedis. At eendog forhen Anders Wehboe, for det fundene ombragte og neder grafuede u-bekiendte menniske, meget hart og h?ylig baade af hans Sogneprest, H?derlig og Wel L?rde Mand Hr. Poffuel Ancker, som hosbund og proprietarius till dend gaard bemelte Wehboe nu paa boer, saa uel som aff Kongl. Mayts. Amptskrifuer og Ridefouged, Augustus Dechner for morder og giernings mand, antasted, sag giffuet, og beskyldt er. Huor om og meget vitl?fftigen er f?rt nogle vidner, eller huilche som een visformoeding, di formeener og eragtes, at denne mand Anders W?boe, med rette schyldig skulle vere. Mens som saadan h?y beskyldning, ej fuldkommelig som lougen tilholder, er endnu Anders W?hboe paa haande vundet og for fuldt. Helst fordi hand nu i moed beskyldningen, di omr?rdte 12 m?nd, med een ki?ns ?ed sin egen forrige giorde h?y benegtelse og undskyldning, saa uit stad fester, at di 12 mend, ey troer hannem till at vere schyldig. Huilchen beskaffenhed, og denne vigtige sag, ieg iche understaar mig Anders W?boe fra sit liff at d?mme, mens hannem indtill om anderleedes kunde bevises, fri og sagl?es findes. Detz till vidnesbiurd, etc.
From Bornholm's Jordebog of 1689:
N?reherrit, Rydscher Sogn, Bunde, Nr. 45: Anders Nielsen Veboe.
From Bornholm's Jordebog of 1691:
Norre Herridt, Rydschier Sogn, Nr. 45: Anders Veboe. Udlagt til Welb. Adam Krampis efterlefverske den 14 Aug. '51. Siden Hr. Ritmester Westerwalt dernest prousten Hr. Pouel Ancher som den til Augustus Dechner har offendt kuns boe den nu boe til goede komme.
From the Rutsker kirkebog:
January 7, 1694: Dominica 1 post Epiphani? begravedis Anders V?boe anno ?tatis 64.
Extracted from the probate for Anders Nielsen V?boe, January 31, 1694, page 263b:
Anno 1694 den 31 Janvary og 1 Febr. er efter loulig giorde tillysning holden registering, og vurdering, sampt schifte, og deeling efter sal. Anders Nielsen Veboe som boede, og ved d?den afgik paa den 45 Jord Eiende gaard i Rydsker Sogn. Imellem den sal. mands efterlatte hustru Bendte Jensdaatter for hende blef efter enchens begiering til laug verge anordnet Jep Nielsen i Clemmedsker Sogn, paa eene side, og paa anden side deres sammen auflede b?rn, som er tre s?nner, og 4 d?ttre. Den eldste s?n Jens Andersen sin egen v?rge. Den anden s?n Niels Andersen paa 20 aar gammel, for hannem som tilsins verge blef anordned Lars Hansen Smed i Clemmedsker Sogn. Dend yngste s?n Hans Andersen paa 16 aar gammel, for hannem er til verge anordned Niels Mortensen i Mejbye udi Nyekier Sogn. Dend eldste d. Kirstene Andersd. i echteskab med Peder Hansen i Clemmendsker Sogn. Dend anden d. Anna Andersd. 16 aar gl., for hende verger David Mortensen i Rydsker Sogn. Den 3de d. Ellene Andersdaatter paa 13 aar gammel, for hende verger moder s?ster manden Lars Hansen i Boesgaard i Clemmedsker Sogn, og som hand ike self kunde var her til sted, saa var skeked hans naboe, Hans Mortensen, som paa hans veigne her paa sterfboet kunde hafue ind frende. Dend yngste daatter Karen Andersdaatter, paa 6 aar gl., for hende verger Hans Jensen hendis morbroder boende i Rydsker Sogn. . . Efter pandtebref daterit den 3 og tiuende July 1680 udgivet af Gierman Ollsen boende i Haslef til sal. Anders Nielsen Veboe. . . Efter ki?b, og ski?de bref dateret den 30 November Ao. 1683 udgivet af Hans Jensen borger og ind vaaner udi Haslef, til sal. Anders Nielsen Veboe, hans hustru, b?rn, og arfuinger, befindes sterfboet at til h?r it st?keting Jord udi N?rre Vang under Haslef fre hed som er 6 skp. land beliggende imellem Anniche sal. Niels Gummel?ses Jord, strekendis udi s?nder, og n?r paa dend s?nder ende til Anders J?rgensens eng, og paa den n?rre ende udtil Hr. Pouls eng. . . Efter it pantebref dateret den 5 December Ao. 1683 udgivet af Bendix Persen borger, og ind vaaner i Halsef til sal. Anders Nielsen Veboe, befindes sterfboet at til kommer. . . Efter it ki?b, og ski?debref dateret den 13 July Ao. 1681 udgifuet af Hederlig og Vell?rde mand Hr. Pouel Anker, da Vice Proust her paa landet, og Sogne Pr?st til Haslef og Rydsker Sogn Meenigheder, til sal. Anders Nielsen Veboe i Rydsker Sogn, hans hustru og arfuinger paa denne for ber?rte 45 gaard i Rydsker Sogn kaldis Hanneskoufsgaard. . . Arfuingerne beretted, at Lars Henrichsen i Olsker Sogn, er skyldig her til boet 5 Mk. Item Hans J?rgensen i Allinge er illigemaade skyldig blefuen paa hese bytte 6 Mk. Peder Hansen paa 26 gaard i Clemmedsker Sogn ved stoed her til boet skyldig at v?re penge 10 Sdr. Angaende dend 23 gaard i Clemmedsker Sogn. . . .
From the Rutsker kirkebog:
February 25, 1694: Dominica Invocavit begravedis Niels Anders?n V?boe anno ?t 22.
Extracted from the probate for son Niels Andersen, March 30, 1694, page 286:
Anno 1694 den 30 Marty er efter louglig giorde tillinsning holden registering og vurdering, sampt schifte og deeling efter sahl. Anders Nielsen Veboes s?n afgangne Niels Andersen, som d?de hos sin moder, der boer paa den 45 Jord Eyendombsgaard i Rydsker Sogn. Imellum denne sahl. drenges moder og sydskende, som er 2 br?dre og 4 systere. Moderen Bendte Jensdaatter, som Jep Nielsen i Clemmedsker Sogn er laugverge for. Dend eldste broder Jens Andersen sin egen verge. Den anden broder Hans Andersen paa 16 aar gammel, for hannem verger Niels Mortensen i Mejbye i Nyker Sogn. Dend elste syster Kirstine Andersdaatter i egteskab med Peder Hansen i Clemmedsker Sogn. Den anden syster Anna Andersdaatter 16 aar gl., for hende verger David Mortensen i Rydsker Sogn. Den tredie s?ster Ellene Andersdaatter paa 13 aar gammel, for hende verger moder syster manden Lars Hansen i Boesgaard i Clemmedsker Sogn. Den yngste syster Karne Andersdaatter paa 6 aar gl., for hende verger Hans Jensen hendes moderbroder i Rydsker Sogn. . . Efter det skiftebref ganget efter sahl. Anders Nielsen Veboe i Rydsker Sogn Datterit den 31 January og 1 Febr. Anno 1694 tilkommer denne sahl. dreng sin fordenne arvue. . . hos Laurs Hansen Smed i Clemmedsker Sogn som hand till sahl. Anders Veboe skyldig var og till denne sahl. dreng som hand self var til ordnet at verge for. . . .
Note: no burial record found for Bendte Jensdatter in the Rutsker parish register - her probate states that she died at the home of her son-in-law Anders Hansen, Lille Halleg?rd, 11 Slg. Olsker.
From the Rutsker kirkebog:
September 22, 1704: Mandagen den 22 Septembris blef Jens Anders?n V?bo begravet, hans alder var 34 aar og 8 maaneder.
Extracted from the probate for Bendte Jensdatter, November 26, 1708, page 400:
Anno 1708 den 26 November er efter louglig giorde tillysning holden registering og vurdering sampt schifte og liqvidation efter afgangne Anders V?boes nu ved d?den afgangen hustru salig Bendte Jensdaatter, som boede paa dend 45 gaard i Rydsker Sogn, og her sammen steds i dog er holden skifte, men denne salig qvinde d?de ved bes?gnelse hos sin daattermand Anders Hansen, der boer i Olsker Sogn, og det imellum denne salig qvindes efterlefuende b?rn og b?rneb?rn, som er en s?n og 4 d?ttre. Huor af s?nnen er Hans Andersen, som boer paa ber?rte 45 gaard sin egen v?rge. Dend elste daatter var salig Kirstine Andersdaatter, som var i egteskab med Peder Hansen i Clemmedsker Sogn, og ved d?den er afgangen, efter hende igien lefuer 4 s?nner og en daatter, for dem er faderen Peder Hansen v?rger. Dend anden daatter er Anna Andersdaatter i egteskab med Anders Hansen i Olsker Sogn. Dend 3de daatter er Ellene Andersdaatter i ?gteskab med Anders Pedersen i Rydsker Sogn. Dend 4de daatter er Karne Andersdaatter i ?gteskab med Hans Larsen i Rydsker Sogn. Huilche bem?lte m?nd nu m?dt her paa bop?len, og paa rettens vegne, var ofuer v?rende, H?y Edele og Velbaarne Hr. Brigadieren Ober Commandant og Amptmand Voldemar Retz ved sin fuldmegtig, Capitain Gregers Christensen boende i Aaekircheby m?dte og Goris Ancher paa sin moder Leene sl. Eskild Nielsens veigne af Hasle, som er husbon til landgilden af denne 45 gaard i Rydsker Sogn, og forerentte att hans moder tilkom, at for valte skiftet efter denne salige quinde, efter som hendes sal. mand forige Byfougden sl. Eskel Nielsen, har f?rvalted skifted paa denne 45 gaard efter sl. Jens Andersen V?boe, og der paa nu producerit Goris Ancher det skiftebref opretted efter bem?lte Byfouged sl. Eskild Nielsen, daterit den 7 July 1706. Huor udi befindes den sl. mands s?n Pouell Eskelsen ber?rtte i 45 gaards skater tillf?re 300 Slettedr. og enken Leene s. Eskel Nielsens. . . og videre hafuer bem?lte Hans Larsen ved staaed paa skifted, efter Byfougden i Hasle og Herrisfougden i N?rreherrit sl. Eskel Nielsen at hafues pandtsat samme forhen ski?debref. . . .
From the Hammershus Birk probate for grandson Hans Hansen, January 12, 1750, page 46b:
Hans Hansen, ved L?sebech, Allinge. Enke: Margrethe J?rgensdatter Sonne.
Arvinger: 4 fastre og 5 mostre.
1ste faster: Kirstine, var gift med Peder Hansen, Klemensker Sogn, d?d, arvinger: 3 s?nner og 1 datter.
1: Hans Pedersen Smed, myndig, Klemensker Sogn.
2: Jens Pedersen, myndig, R? Sogn.
3: Mads Pedersen, myndig, R? Sogn.
4: Ana Pedersdatter, gift med Hans Henrich Oldenburg, K?benhavn. Tilsynsv?rge: broder Hans Pedersen.
2de faster: Anna, var gift med Anders Hansen, Olsker Sogn, d?d, arvinger: 6 s?nner og 3 d?ttre.
1: Anders Andersen, Rutsker Sogn, d?d, arvinger: 3 d?ttre.
a: Seine, gift med Jens Pedersen, Rutsker Sogn.
b: Kierstine Andersdatter, hos stiffader Peder Buk, Rutsker Sogn, hendes v?rge: Haagen Weidicksen, Olsker Sogn.
c: Anna Andersdatter, hendes v?rge: Hans Knudsen, Allinge.
2: Hans Andersen, myndig, Klemensker Sogn.
3: Niels Andersen, myndig, Olsker Sogn.
4: Lars Andersen, Boesgaard, Klemensker Sogn.
5: Rasmus Andersen, Rutsker Sogn.
6: J?rgen Andersen, myndig.
7: Boel, d?d, var gift med Hans Thomsen, Olsker Sogn, arvinger: 1 s?n og 1 datter.
a: Thomas Hansen, hans v?rge: moderbroder Lars Andersen.
b: Anna, hendes v?rge: moderbroder Hans Andersen.
8: Kierstine gift med Hans Krak, Olsker Sogn.
9: Anna gift med Lars Kiempe, Rutsker Sogn.
3de faster: Ellen gift med Jens Pedersen, 2de gaard i Rutsker Sogn.
4de faster: Karen gift med Mons Pedersen, 2de gaard i Rutsker Sogn.
1ste moster. . . .
This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 21 July 2015.
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1629 - 1694 (~ 65 år)
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