| Notater |
- From the Hammershus birketingbog of 1688-1701:
December 15, 1690, page 23b: Hans Hansen i Sandvig fordrede af samtlige arvinger efter sal. J?rgen Hansen (der er: Hans J?rgensen, Niels J?rgensen, Johan J?rgensen, Peder J?rgensen, Hartvig J?rgensen, Thor J?rgensen, J?rgen J?rgensen, Hartvig Willumsen paa sin hustrus vegne og J?rgen Pedersen paa sine b?rns vegne) at de ville vedstaa at have solgt et stykke jord kaldet Storre Vangen, som er 4 t?nder land for 90 Sdr.
From the Hammershus Tingbog 1715-1742, August 8, 1729, page 298b:
Henrich Falch producerede en memorial fra Amtmand West vedr?rende, at han kunne f?re paa vegne af Capitain Niels Nielsen fra Bredsensgaard nr. 9 i Olsker sogn mod Peder Hansen, der havde angivet for Rentekammeret, at der var indlagt udmarksjord til den 9de gaard i Olsker. . . samt J?rgen Hansen af Sandvig, der var 50 aar, der ej heller havde h?rt noget fra sin farfar, der var 90 aar gammel inden han d?de for 40 aar siden eller fra hans fader som var 60 aar gammel da han d?de for 35 aar siden. . . .
The above translated to English:
Henrich Falch produced a rememberance from Governor West regarding the matter, on behalf of Captain Niels Nielsen from Bredsensg?rd No. 9 in Olsker parish against Peder Hansen, who had idicated to the "Rentekammeret" (Interest Board) that the "udmarksjord" (out meadow parcel) taken by the 9th farm in Olsker. . . and J?rgen Hansen of Sandvig, who was 50 years old, who neither had heard anything from his father's father, who was 90 years old before he died 40 years ago or from his father who was 60 years old when he died 35 years ago. . . .
The above court document for 1729 tells us that J?rgen Hansen's grandson, J?rgen Hansen was 50 years old in 1729, that his son, Hans J?rgensen, died circa 1694 at 60 years of age, and that he died circa 1689 at 90 years old - thus born circa 1599.
From Bornholm's Militia register of 1678:
Rulla paa huor mange mandschaft der findes udi biercket Sandvig og Allinge. . . 6de Rodmester: Niels Jensen, Michel S?rensen - ingen koor, Hindrich Julmager - gamble, Pouel S?rensen - en dreng uden koor, Weilem Hartuig - gamble, J?rgen Hansen - gamble. . .
The above Bornholm militia role of 1678 J?rgen Hansen is listed as an old (gamle) man. He is said to have resided in Strandslottet (Strandgade 18) in Sandvig.
From Bornholm's 1689 Jordebog:
N?reherridt, Oelscher Sogn, Allinge og Sandvig: J?rgen Hansen, af it st?che jord.
From R?nne's Kirkeregnskaber, 1684-1747:
Page 22, January 30, 1689: Noch en obligation og pandtebref som Marren s. Madz Koefoedz har udgifued til Kirchen dateret 3 December 1677 formeldendis paa Capital som bestaar i slenelengen paa forhen sahl. Madz Koefoedz gaard for 50 Sldr. Rente deraf fra dend 29 Sept. 1687 til dend 26 Marty '90. . . 6 Sldr 14 Sk. Og hos gamble J?rgen Hansen i Sanduig som hand var skyldig til dend 9 Augusty 1686 efter skiftebrefued som er ganged efter sahl. Mette Olle Suendsens. . . 50 Sldr. 1 Mk. 12 Sk. og af Rente 1 Dr. 8 Mk. Huilched til Kirchens stechle er andf?rt her for udi, og efter sahl. J?rgen Hansen paa skifted nu skal v?re bestaaende ui hans i boendegaard i Sanduig. Huor paa viedere for varring paa Kirchens veigne s?gdis skal som nu er Capt. 51 Dr. 2 Mk. 4 Sk.
Extracted from the Hammershus Birk probate for J?rgen Hansen, January 4, 1690, page 8:
Anno 1690 den 4 Januarj, er efter tilliusning holden rigtig registering og vurdering skifte oc deelling efter den sl. mand J?rgen Hansen som boede oc d?d i Sanduing imellum hans efterlatte b?rn nemblig: 1) Hans J?rgensen Byefouget i Sanduig; 2) Niels J?rgensen Archelimester ibd.; 3) Johan J?rgensen i Allinge; 4) Per J?rgensen i Sanduig; 5) Toer J?rgensen i Allinge; 6) J?rgen J?rgensen i Sanduig; 7) Kiersten J?rgensdatter i Allinge, som hendis mand Hartuig Villumsen suarer for; 8) Karren J?rgensdatters efterlatte b?rn som Capitain J?rgen Pedersen, deris fader i Broegaard suarer for. . . . J?rgen Pedersen i Broegaard tillige med sin s?n Hans J?rgensen tillagt it broget hest f?l for 1 Dr. 2 Mk. . . .
Extracted from the Hammershus Birk probate for son Thor J?rgensen, April 13 & 21, 1718, page 79:
Skifte for retning Tor J?rgensen. Anno 1718 den 13 Aprilj efter Berchefogdens sambt skifteforualters Sr. Mogens Clausens for got befindende en stalt hafre i dag veret paa sterfboet efter sl. Tor J?rgensen som boede oc d?de i Allinge som nu i nat ved d?den afgich andet for at regestere bemelte mands efterladte boes midel. . . oc till enchens nemblig Sidsele J?rgensdatters blef ordineret til verge Albret Hansen Dich af Allinge. . . Anno 1718 den 21 Aprilj efter forhen giorde loulig tillysning hafre Berchefogden Sr. Mogns Clausen som Skifteforualter oc Bercheskrifueren Laurs Andersen oc Vurderingsmend nemblig Jens Nielsen oc Peder Laursen af Allinge veret paa sterfboet efter sl. Thor J?rgensen som i gaar som var den 20 Aprilj af begrafuet oc det for at gi?re regtig skifte oc deeling efter bemelte sl. mand Tor J?rgensen oc det imellem den sl. mands efterladte enche Sidsele J?rgensdatter paa den ene side, oc paa den anden side dens sl. mands arfuinger mens har som den sl. mand ingen b?rn sig hafre efterladt. . . denne sl. mands s?ster nafnlig Kierstene sl. Hartuig Vellembs som nu er her tilstede huor som denne sl. mands arfuinger ere: Kierstene sl. Hartuig Vellems suarede at sl. Hans J?rgensen som boede i Sanduig oc var Byefoget oc var Byefoget oc Captain var halfbroder till denne sl. mand, oc Archemester Niels J?rgensen som oc boede i Sanduig var oc halfbroder til denne sl. mand som vare i saa maader hans elste br?dre. Oc der nest fuld s?skende nemblig den elste broder afgangen sl. Johan J?rgensen, som boede oc d?de her i byen Allinge. Der nest sl. Peder J?rgensen som boede oc d?de i Sanduig. Der nest sl. J?rgen J?rgensen som oc boede og d?de i Sanduig. Der nest tvende s?stre nemblig Kierstene sl. Hartuig Vellembs som nu hafure oc boer her i Allinge. Den anden s?ster naunlig afgangen sl. Karne J?rgensdatter som hafde til ?gte sl. Capt. J?rgen Pedersen paa Brogaar boende som ingen arfuinger nu efter hende er at finde. Eyderenere saavede oc om gaf obenmelte Kierstene Hartuig Vellems at till obenmelte afgange anf?rde denne sl. mands arfuinger ere f?rst sl. Hans J?rgens arfuinger nemblig Hans Hansen i Hamburg eller hans arfuinger, J?rgen Hansen i Sanduig, Kierstene Madz Hartuigs er i Sanduig oc Giertrud sl. Peder Anders i R? Sogn oc Lisebet Hans Hans i Olsker Sogn. Den anden half broder bemelte sl. Niels J?rgensen, hans arfuinger ere nemblig sl. Hindrich Nielsen oc efter igien hans arfuinger ere Niels Hindrichsen Falch som paa fremmede steder er bort r?yst nemblig Ostendigen. Oc der nest hans anden s?n som her udig findes emeldt nafunlig Hindrich Hindrichsen Falch som her paa skifte stedet er till steds som her ved blef anedineret till at vere verge for hans anden broder Niels Hindrichsen Falch. Saa oc den anden sl. Niels J?rgens s?n afgangen Hans Nielsen som sig efter igien har efterladt nemblig Margrete Kierstine som hafre till ?gte Peder Michelsen af Sanduig. Noch en Niels J?rgens s?n nemblig Peder Nielsen som meens paa fremmede steder ved d?den at vere afgangen efter hannem her paa landet er en datter nemblig Margrete Pedersdatter. Noch sl. Niels J?rgens tuende dattere nemblig den f?rste Leenne Captain Gregers af Aakirchebye, den anden Anna Dortha sl. Laurs Goml?ses af Haslef. Efter Johan J?rgensen er f?rst Samuel Johansen, Holger Johansen, J?rgen Johansen, Peder Johansen, Johan Johansen oc tuende dattere nemblig Margrete Johansdatter som hafre till ?gte Hans Andersen af Allinge, den anden nemblig Else Cartrine Johansdatter - for hende verger Albret Hansen Dich som er hendes stiffader. Noch efter sl. Peder J?rgensen hans arfuinger ere Christen Pedersen af Boelsker Sogn. Noch sl. J?rgen Peders barn som bemelte Christen Pedersen verger forre. Noch efter Peder J?rgensen, Mar[grete] Pedersdatter i Boelsker Sogn boede. Der nest denne J?rgen J?rgens b?rn oc arfunger er f?rst Ellene J?rgensdatter, Karne J?rgensdatter som Holger Johansen verger forre, Elseby J?rgensdatter som J?rgen Johansen verger forre, den 5de og yngste datter Christense J?rgensdatter - for hende verger Samuel Johansen. Noch denne sl. mands s?ster Kierstene sl. Hartuigs som sin lod self allene arfuer mens som for bemelte enche var lauverge denne sl. afgangen mand Tor J?rgensen for saa at skifte forvaltere ordineret hendes elste s?n Poul Hartuig af Allinge for hende at verge. Saa oc var denne sl. mand verge for sin Kierstene sl. Hartuig Vellems datters s?n nemblig Hans Laursen, for saa til bemelte drenge verge blef ordineret Vellem Hartuig af Allinge. . . . Actum ut Supra: Mogens Clausen Torn, Lauridz Andersen.
In 1657 Denmark fought a war with Sweden, which it lost. In the resulting armstice, the "Peace of Roskilde", concluded on February 26, 1658, Denmark lost its provinces Sk?ne (Scania) and Blekinge, the district of Bohus, Trondheim (in Norge/Norway), and the island of Bornholm. News of this event did not reach Bornholm until April 20th, as much of the Baltic Sea was frozen because of a particularly cold winter. A letter from the archbishop in Lund commanded a prayer to be said in church for the swedish king and court. This was very hard for Poul Ancher, so instead he prayed for "landets rette konge og ?vrighed" (the land's rightful king and government), so that his parishioners could conclude whom he was praying for themselves. For this bit of obfuscation the swedish authorities gave him a severe reprimand.
It wasn't until April 29th that the new swedish governour, Johan Printzenskj?ld, was able to land in Sandvig with 120 men and take possession of the island for the swedish king, Karl Gustav. The swedes wasted no time in instituting a harsh regime of export prohibitions, increased tariffs, conscription of men, and seazure of property and money all over Bornholm. Many men from Bornholm's approximate population of 8,000 were conscripted into the swedish army; around 450 men were sent to Stettin, Riga and Helsingborg. After King Karl Gustav violated the treaty and attacked K?benhavn the following autumn, Poul Ancher was incited to join other Bornholmers in plans for a rebellion. His fellow conspirators in Hasle included its Mayor Peder Olsen, the town's bailiff Captain Niels Guml?se, the Steward (Ridefoged) of Hammershus - Jens Lauridsen Risom, and merchant Jens Pedersen Kofoed, and in R?nne they were joined by Captain Claus Kames. The danish king, Frederik the 3rd, acknowledged the rebellion and incited the inhabitants to liberate themselves from the swedes by capturing the garrison and governour at Hammershus.
Johan Printzenskj?ld rode from Hammershus on December 8th, travelling through Hasle and then onto R?nne. In R?nne he planned to dispatch a ship in order to fetch further reinforcements, as he sensed the discontent of the Bornholmers. The conspirators wasted no time: as soon as Printzenskj?ld had left Hasle, Poul Ancher drove his sleigh, together with Jens Pedersen Kofoed, to consult with Parson Jacob Tresl?v of Nyker parish. What they decided is not known, only that Hans Ancher went to the Rutsker parsonage, probably in order to station himself for an attempt to keep the garrison at Hammershus isolated. Jens Kofoed rode on to R?nne to help Claus Kames take Printzenskj?ld prisoner. On his way he met up with the rest of the conspirators. In R?nne they encountered Printzenskj?ld in the house of the mayor, Peder Lauridsen M?ller, and only just barely did some of the more level headed men prevent his immediate murder. They took him prisoner and led him down R?nne's main street, Storegade; but as they neared the prison entrance a shot was fired from Villum Clausen's pistol and Printzenskj?ld fell over dead on the cobblestones. Jens Pedersen Kofoed and Niels Guml?se each fired a shot into the corpse in order to show solidarity with the Villum Clausen. Claus Kames managed to take 5 swedish officers prisoner, and took them to his home - possibly in order to save them from being murdered.
Immediately after the killing Jens Kofoed and Niels Guml?se rode to Rutsker parsonage and reported what had taken place in R?nne, and following a short conference with Parson Ancher it was decided to gather together the willing farmers from Klemensker, Nyker and Vestermarie parishes by ringing those parishes church bells: a sign for them to meet, fully armed, during the night at Rutsker Church. The bell of Rutsker Church was not rung as it was too close to Hammershus, and would have been heard there. Jens Kofoed then rode to the home of the reeve for Rutsker parish, Mads Ibsen H?g of H?jeg?rd, where he captured a swedish artillery lieutenant. He brought the lieutenant back to Rutsker's parsonage before riding on to Allinge where a swedish quartermaster had to be killed because he refused to surrender. From Allinge, and nearby Sandvig, Jens Kofoed gathered together a group of young men, and after having fortified themselves with a keg of beer, they rode out into the night to Hammershus Watermill, where a swedish soldier was slain. The men continued on to Hammershus, where they settled themselves behind a hill just east of the bridge to the fortress.
The next day, December 9th, in the early dawn "man havde kun tre dage til vintersolhverv" (with just 3 days until the winter-solstice), the band of farmers led by Poul Hansen Ancher started moving down from Rutsker Church's snow covered hill. They were joined by the citizens of Hasle led by Captain Niels Guml?se and Mayor Peder Olsen, and then by the group from R?nne under Captain Claus Kames. Many eyes were spying both towards and from the walls of Hammershus fortress - not knowing what would be the outcome of that short winter day. Ultimately, only an act of clever cunning made the swedes surrender the fortress: Captain Kames donned Printzenskj?ld's uniform and rode the slain commander's horse to the bridge, while the rebels threatened to kill him if the swedes refused to surrender. Towards the evening they indeed did surrender. The swedes, about 100 men, were imprisoned in the tower, and following war custom the Bornholmers began plundering the fortress. They carried on so wildly that the leaders had to protect Printzenskj?ld's widow, Anne Haard, and her 3 small sons from being harmed.
On December 21st Peder Olsen and 10 men were sent to K?benhavn. They were granted and audience with King Frederik the 3rd on December 29th, and presented him with a "gavebrev" (gift deed - a pledge of allegiance) from their island. They also brought a list of the names of 22 Bornholmers who had a prominent role in the liberation of the island: first on the list was "Hr. Poffuel Ancker Sougnepr?st til Rydskier och Hasle Sougner haffer V?rit baade i Raad och Daad til all denne Hans Kongl. May:tts tienneste med Toug, Vagt Reystning, och endnu flittig bes?ger land Vagterne." (Mr. Poul Ancher, Parish Priest for Rutsker and Hasle Parishes, having Done both in Counsel and Deed all in the His Royal Majesty's interest with this Campaign, Guard Duty, and continuing diligent Defence of the land.) A J?rgen Hansen of Sandvig (possibly the same person) was one of the men named as playing a part in the Bornholmer revolt.
In 1660 and 1661, convicted traitors Corfitz Ulfeldt and his wife, King Christian IV's illegitimate daughter Leonora Christina, were imprisoned together in Hammershus fortress. The two attempted an improbable escape from Hammershus in 1661 by shimmying down the precipitous castle walls on a rope made from bed linens. After their capture, the would-be usurpers were detained separately in the castle prison.
This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 21 July 2015.
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1599 - 1689 (~ 90 år)
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